Carbine, Cal. .30, M1 & M1A1

        CCNL 118 reported information found in the Record of Army Ordnance Research and Development on the Tool, Bolt, Carbine, T5 which we are all familiar with. Based on a request of Field Service, a project was initiated in December 1944, to develop a carbine bolt tool for Second Echelon (Company Armorer) use.

        Springfield Armory was tasked to make pilot models based on a submitted design. Drawings were made up and a R&D contract was issued for 100 pilot models. These were turned over to the Field Service, Maintenance Division, of the Ordnance Department in June 1945.

Before a suitable bolt tool was adopted, it was the job of the Ordnance Armorer to maintain and repair carbine bolts. As you can imagine this was an exercise in futility with standard tools. Then there was the assembly to contend with.

         So what about the design that had been submitted to Springfield Armory?

         The answer can be found in the “Ordnance Sergeant” publication in April 1944

   The Disassembly or Assembly of the Carbine bolt is very difficult as well as hard on the hands, especially if there are many to work on. When the parts are being assembled into the bolt, it is hard to hold the ejector into the bolt and assemble the extractor simultaneously.

            Corporal. Albert T. Pecca, Det. 2061 Ord. Co., Seymour Johnson Field, North Carolina sent in a tool he made up, which holds the extractor and the extractor spring into the bolt and also prevents the firing pin from falling out while the extractor is being assembled into the bolt.

            This tool was slightly modified at the Base Shop of the Ordnance School, by putting an angle on the face of the stud which compresses the ejector spring. The reason for making this modification was that some difficulty was encountered in properly lining up the notch in the ejector with the hole for the pin of the extractor.

            With this tool it is possible to assemble a Carbine bolt in a matter of seconds whereas this operation usually requires considerable time.

    The bolt assembly tool is held in the left hand. The bolt is inserted into the tool and with the head of the ejector lining up with the stud in the tool. After the ejector has been pushed back into the bolt, the rear of the bolt is pushed down into the tool with the rear of the tool supporting the rear of the bolt.

       The extractor removing tool can be easily made from a screwdriver. The notch is made 1/8” wide and projections are 1/16” inch wide. To remove the extractor, one projection is placed on the extractor plunger, depressing it, and the other is in front of the extractor, forcing it out of the bolt.

Cpl. Albert T. Pecca

   Albert T Pecca worked as a sheet metal worker at the Philadelphia Navy Yard before entering the service just after his 24th birthday.

    At some point after basic training Corporal Pecca went on to Seymour Johnson Airfield, which was the Headquarters, Technical School, Army Air Forces Technical Training Command. It also served as the Provisional Overseas Replacement Training Center, which prepared officers and men for overseas duty.

    While tasked to overhaul a bunch of carbine bolts with broken firing pins he saw that there had to be a better way than using a punch and screwdriver all while holding the bolt.

    In his attempts to streamline the process he came up the idea of the bolt tool. He started with cardboard shims, and then tin. He eventually came up with the design of his bolt tool. Without the tool it would take him about 12 minutes to disassemble each bolt. With his tool he was able to take down a bolt in 12 seconds!

   Corporal Pecca went on to Army Air Force Overseas Replacement Depot Kearns, Utah. He worked as an Armorer and was responsible for repair, care, cleaning, and general maintenance of small arms.

    Impressed by Corporal Pecca’s work ethic and going above and beyond in his duties, his officers recommended that he should work in an Ordnance Armament Company.

    Because of the tremendous losses during the Battle of the Bulge, General Eisenhower directed the Army to cull all non-essential rear-echelon GIs, including USAAF soldiers and reassign them as riflemen. 

    Instead of the recommended position in the field of Ordnance, Corporal Pecca was sent for Infantry training and shipped overseas on the 15th of March 1945 and arrived in France 27 March 45.

    Corporal Pecca was assigned to Company G, 397th Infantry in the 100th Infantry Division and went on to Germany. He served as an Assistant Squad Leader of a 12-man rifle squad. Armed with a M1 rifle he helped coordinate actions of his squad; did scouting and patrolling of enemy positions; directed fire if squad in combat.

    Corporal Albert T. Pecca separated from service on the 9th of February 1946 with an Honorable Discharge.

     Presidential Unit Citation

     Good Conduct Medal

     American Campaign Medal 

     European African Middle Eastern Campaign Medal with one battle star 

     World War II Victory Medal

     Combat Infantryman’s Badge

     Carbine Marksmanship Medal

    The club would like to extend our gratitude to Gregory Pecca for sharing his father’s story and his contribution to our beloved Carbine. It is obvious that the bolt tool that Albert Pecca designed was the forerunner of the “Tool, Assembling and Disassembling, Bolt, Carbine” that was adopted in 1945.  It continues to serve collectors today and is probably the most useful tool in every carbine collector’s toolbox.  Well done!

http://www.uscarbinecal30.com/forum/bolt-disassembly-assembly-without-bolt-tool_topic1280.html" rel="nofollow - - Further reading: Carbine Bolt Assembly and Disassembly without the bolt tool